In 2022,Nishida, Yoshihide; Sato, Katsutoshi; Chaudhari, Chandan; Yamada, Hiroshi; Toriyama, Takaaki; Yamamoto, Tomokazu; Matsumura, Syo; Aspera, Susan Menez; Nakanishi, Hiroshi; Haneda, Masaaki; Nagaoka, Katsutoshi published an article in Catalysis Science & Technology. The title of the article was 《Nitrile hydrogenation to secondary amines under ambient conditions over palladium-platinum random alloy nanoparticles》.Synthetic Route of C7H4FN The author mentioned the following in the article:
Bimetalization between palladium (Pd) and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles, which resulted in a catalyst that showed high yield of secondary amines. Although Pd and Pt were thermodynamically immiscible, successfully alloyed the two metals by means of rapid chem. reduction assisted by microwave heating. X-ray absorption spectroscopy suggested the formation of heteroat. Pdδ+Ptδ- sites via charge transfer between neighboring Pd and Pt atoms in the alloy structure. Moreover, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that decreasing the size of the PdPt (50 : 50) nanoparticles improved the degree of alloying and facilitated the formation of electron-enriched Ptδ- species. On the basis of kinetics studies and d. functional theory calculations, that cyano group activation, which was the rate-determining step over monometallic Pd and Pt catalysts, was accelerated over the heteroat. Pdδ+Ptδ- sites because of strong back-donation from electron-enriched Ptδ- species to the carbon atom of the cyano groups. The PdPt random alloy nanoparticles catalyzed the reactions of various aromatic and heterocyclic nitriles, and the corresponding secondary amines were selectively obtained in just a few hours. In addition to this study using 4-Fluorobenzonitrile, there are many other studies that have used 4-Fluorobenzonitrile(cas: 1194-02-1Synthetic Route of C7H4FN) was used in this study.
4-Fluorobenzonitrile(cas: 1194-02-1) is used as chemical intermediate, solvent for perfumes and pharmaceuticals, stabilizer for chlorinated solvents, HPLC analysis, catalyst and component of transition-metal complex catalysts.Synthetic Route of C7H4FN
Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts