Month: December 2022

Rucka, Lenka published the artcileExpression control of nitrile hydratase and amidase genes in Rhodococcus erythropolis and substrate specificities of the enzymes, Related Products of nitriles-buliding-blocks, the publication is Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (2014), 105(6), 1179-1190, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Bacterial amidases and nitrile hydratases can be used for the synthesis of various intermediates and products in the chem. and pharmaceutical industries and for the bioremediation of toxic pollutants. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of the amidase and nitrile hydratase genes of Rhodococcus erythropolis and test the stereospecific nitrile hydratase and amidase activities on chiral cyanohydrins. The nucleotide sequences of the gene clusters containing the oxd (aldoxime dehydratase), ami (amidase), nha1, nha2 (subunits of the nitrile hydratase), nhr1, nhr2, nhr3 and nhr4 (putative regulatory proteins) genes of two R. erythropolis strains, A4 and CCM2595, were determined All genes of both of the clusters are transcribed in the same direction. RT-PCR anal., primer extension and promoter fusions with the gfp reporter gene showed that the ami, nha1 and nha2 genes of R. erythropolis A4 form an operon transcribed from the Pami promoter and an internal Pnha promoter. The activity of Pami was found to be weakly induced when the cells grew in the presence of acetonitrile, whereas the Pnha promoter was moderately induced by both the acetonitrile or acetamide used instead of the inorganic nitrogen source. However, R. erythropolis A4 cells showed no increase in amidase and nitrile hydratase activities in the presence of acetamide or acetonitrile in the medium. R. erythropolis A4 nitrile hydratase and amidase were found to be effective at hydrolyzing cyanohydrins and 2-hydroxyamides, resp.

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek published new progress about 13312-84-0. 13312-84-0 belongs to nitriles-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Nitrile,Benzene,Alcohol,Benzene Compounds, name is 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyacetonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H6ClNO, Related Products of nitriles-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tkachenko, O. V. published the artcileSynthesis and the antimicrobial activity of 1-N-alkylated derivatives of 3-N-substituted 1H-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones, HPLC of Formula: 612-13-5, the publication is Zhurnal Organichnoi ta Farmatsevtichnoi Khimii (2013), 11(4), 15-21, database is CAplus.

Two approaches for synthesis of 3-N-substituted 1H-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones were investigated. The first one was based on the interaction of Me 3-aminothiophene-2-carboxylate with isocyanates, which was a good way for preparation of 3-N-aryl-1H-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones. The key step of the other one, which allowed introduction of different alkyl substituents in position 3, was oxidation of 4-oxo-2-thioxo-2,3- dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines prepared by interaction of 3-isothiocyanatothiophene-2-carboxylate and the primary aliphatic amines with hydrogen peroxide. Alkylation of the intermediates obtained in both ways resulted in 1-N-alkyl-3-N-substituted 1H-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones. ¹H NMR spectra of the target mols. contain the signals of thiophene cycle protons H-6 (δ 8.02-8.18 ppm) and H-7 (δ 7.06-7.15 ppm) together with the signal of CH₂ groups in position 1 of the heterocyclic system in the range of δ 4.70-5.20 ppm. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was investigated by the agar well diffusion method. It was determined that the compound with Ph substituents in position 3 and o-methylbenzyl substituent in position 1 were the most active antimicrobial agent. The 1-N-alkyl derivatives of (2,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydro-2H-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-3-yl)propanoic acid benzyl amide were appeared active against the strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.

Zhurnal Organichnoi ta Farmatsevtichnoi Khimii published new progress about 612-13-5. 612-13-5 belongs to nitriles-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 2-(Chloromethyl)benzonitrile, and the molecular formula is C5H7N3S3, HPLC of Formula: 612-13-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Scettri, Arrigo published the artcileMukaiyama-Michael vinylogous additions to nitroalkenes under solvent-free conditions, Application In Synthesis of 5153-73-1, the publication is Central European Journal of Chemistry (2012), 10(1), 47-53, database is CAplus.

The first Mukaiyama-Michael vinylogous reaction of a dioxin-derived silyl ether to nitroalkenes is reported. The conjugate addition is performed in absence of a catalyst under solvent-free conditions. Using as starting materials silyl enol ether (i.e., masked acetoacetate ester) 2,2-dimethyl-4-methylene-6-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-4H-1,3-dioxin or 2-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]furan, the synthesis of the target compounds was achieved with satisfactory efficiency with variously substituted (nitro)alkene derivatives Moreover, an organocatalyst for this Mukaiyama-Michael vinylogous reaction of (trimethylsilyloxy)furan to nitroalkenes was developed [i.e., 4-hydroxydinaphtho[2,1-d:1′,2′-f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin 4-oxide, BINOL hydrogen phosphate]. The reaction is promoted by Bronsted acids under solvent-free conditions, providing products in moderate to good yield with variously substituted nitroalkenes.

Central European Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 5153-73-1. 5153-73-1 belongs to nitriles-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Nitrile,Alkenyl,Nitro Compound,Benzene, name is (E)-4-(2-Nitrovinyl)benzonitrile, and the molecular formula is C9H6N2O2, Application In Synthesis of 5153-73-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bischoff, Francois P. published the artcileDesign and synthesis of a novel series of cyanoindole derivatives as potent γ-secretase modulators, Application In Synthesis of 13312-84-0, the publication is Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters (2019), 29(14), 1737-1745, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The discovery, design and synthesis of a new series of GSMs is described. The classical imidazole heterocycle has been replaced by a cyano group attached to an indole nucleus. The exploration of this series has led to compound 26-S (I) which combined high in vitro and in vivo potency with an acceptable drug-like profile.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters published new progress about 13312-84-0. 13312-84-0 belongs to nitriles-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Nitrile,Benzene,Alcohol,Benzene Compounds, name is 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyacetonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H6ClNO, Application In Synthesis of 13312-84-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Stepannikova, Kateryna O. published the artcileSynthesis of Spirocyclic β- and γ-Sultams by One-Pot Reductive Cyclization of Cyanoalkylsulfonyl Fluorides, Related Products of nitriles-buliding-blocks, the publication is European Journal of Organic Chemistry (2021), 2021(47), 6530-6540, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

One-pot intramol. cyclization of novel sp³-enriched cyanoalkylsulfonyl fluorides into spirocyclic β- or γ-sultams is disclosed. The method relies on nitrile group reduction followed by sulfonylation of amino group thus formed upon mild conditions (NaBH₄, NiCl₂·6H₂O in MeOH). Cyclization proceeds smoothly with considerable efficiency (48-84%, 10 examples) on up to 30 g scale. The cyanoalkylsulfonyl fluoride intermediates can be obtained via S-nucleophilic substitution in β-functionalized alkanenitriles or double alkylation of α-alkylthioacetonitrile, followed by oxidative chlorination with Cl₂ and further reaction with KHF₂. The title mono- and bifunctional sultams are advanced sp³-enriched building blocks for drug discovery and organic synthesis providing novel substitution patterns and frameworks mimicking saturated nitrogen heterocycles such as pyrrolidine/pyrrolidone.

European Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 30431-99-3. 30431-99-3 belongs to nitriles-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydropyran,Nitrile,Ester, name is Ethyl 4-cyanotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C9H13NO3, Related Products of nitriles-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wit, J. G. published the artcileMonophenolic metabolites of the herbicide, 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile, in animals as uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, Safety of 2,6-Dichloro-3-hydroxybenzonitrile, the publication is Biochemical Journal (1966), 707-10, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Both monophenolic metabolites of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (2,6-dichloro-3-hydroxybenzonitrile and its 4-hydroxy analog) added to starved yeast cells incubated with a limited quantity of glucose caused a significant rise in O consumption of the cells. The same compounds induce ATPase activity in isolated intact rat liver mitochondria. The possible role of the hydroxylation of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile in mammals, in relation to hepatic injury, is discussed.

Biochemical Journal published new progress about 3336-34-3. 3336-34-3 belongs to nitriles-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Nitrile,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2,6-Dichloro-3-hydroxybenzonitrile, and the molecular formula is C6H10O2S, Safety of 2,6-Dichloro-3-hydroxybenzonitrile.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wit, J. G. published the artcileMetabolism of the herbicide 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile in rabbits and rats, Application In Synthesis of 3336-34-3, the publication is Biochemical Journal (1966), 698-706, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

cf. preceding abstract. The metabolism of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile was studied in rabbits and rats. Oral administration caused an increased urinary excretion of glucuronides and ethereal sulfates. There was also an indication of mercapturic acid formation. 2,6-Dichloro-3-hydroxybenzonitrile and its 4-hydroxy analog were identified as metabolites in the urine. A small amount of the unchanged substance was recovered from the feces. By using 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile-¹⁴C, the phenolic metabolites were determined quant. and some other possible metabolic routes were excluded. Incubation of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile with enzyme preparations (papain and high-speed supernatant of rat-liver homogenate plus glutathione) gave no indications for a reaction with thiol compounds

Biochemical Journal published new progress about 3336-34-3. 3336-34-3 belongs to nitriles-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chloride,Nitrile,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2,6-Dichloro-3-hydroxybenzonitrile, and the molecular formula is C15H14Cl2S2, Application In Synthesis of 3336-34-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gaspa, Silvia published the artcileMetal-Free Preparation of α-H-Chlorinated Alkylaromatic Hydrocarbons by Sunlight, Related Products of nitriles-buliding-blocks, the publication is ChemistrySelect (2018), 3(27), 7991-7995, database is CAplus.

A metal and additive free process for the synthesis of benzyl chloride and α-chloro alkyl arenes is reported. The proposed methodol. can be carried out by the use of sunlight. The yield and conversion of the obtained benzyl chlorides are very high.

ChemistrySelect published new progress about 612-13-5. 612-13-5 belongs to nitriles-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is 2-(Chloromethyl)benzonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H6ClN, Related Products of nitriles-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ueno, Tasuku published the artcileMechanism-Based Molecular Design of Highly Selective Fluorescence Probes for Nitrative Stress, Computed Properties of 26187-28-0, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (2006), 128(33), 10640-10641, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Nitrative stress is implicated in various pathogenic processes, including neurodegenerative disorders, but there is no practical fluorescence probe which can monitor the generation of nitrative stress with high selectivity. To design a suitable fluorescence probe, the authors have first focused on the fluorescence quenching mechanism of the nitro group, which has been believed to be a unique quencher of fluorescent dyes. The authors found that nitro group-based fluorescence quenching could be explained in terms of an electron transfer process, from the excited fluorophore to the electron-deficient aromatic nitro moiety. By utilizing this result, the authors succeeded in developing novel fluorogenic probes, NiSPYs, which can selectively monitor the generation of nitrative stress based on aromatic nitration. NiSPYs showed strong fluorescence enhancement upon the reaction with nitrating agents, including peroxynitrite, but showed little or no fluorescence augmentation in the presence of other reactive oxygen species. NiSPYs should be potentially useful as tools to study the role of nitrative stress in various biol. applications.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 26187-28-0. 26187-28-0 belongs to nitriles-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyrrole,Nitrile, name is 2,4-Dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile, and the molecular formula is C11H14O2, Computed Properties of 26187-28-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Jensen, Rader S. published the artcileSynthesis and catalytic properties of cationic palladium(II) and rhodium(I) complexes bearing diphosphinidinecyclobutene ligands, Application of Tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) Ditriflate, the publication is Journal of Organometallic Chemistry (2007), 692(1-3), 286-294, database is CAplus.

Cationic Pd(II) and Rh(I) complexes bearing 1,2-diaryl-3,4-bis[(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)phosphinidene]cyclobutene ligands (DPCB-Y) were prepared and their structures and catalytic activity were examined (aryl = Ph (DPCB), 4-methoxyphenyl (DPCB-OMe), 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl (DPCB-CF₃)). The Pd complexes [Pd(MeCN)₂(DPCB-Y)]X₂ (X = OTf, BF₄, BAr₄ (Ar = 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)) were prepared by the reactions of DPCB-Y with [Pd(MeCN)₄]X₂, which were generated from Pd(OAc)₂ and HX in MeCN. However, the Rh complexes [Rh(MeCN)₂(DPCB-Y)]OTf were prepared by the treatment of [Rh(μ-Cl)(cyclooctadiene)₂]₂ with DPCB-Y in CH₂Cl₂, followed by treatment with AgOTf in the presence of MeCN. The cationic complexes catalyzed conjugate addition of benzyl carbamate to α,β-unsaturated ketones.

Journal of Organometallic Chemistry published new progress about 68569-14-2. 68569-14-2 belongs to nitriles-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Palladium, name is Tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) Ditriflate, and the molecular formula is C10H12F6N4O6PdS2, Application of Tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) Ditriflate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts