Mild and General Methods for the Palladium-Catalyzed Cyanation of Aryl and Heteroaryl Chlorides was written by Littke, Adam;Soumeillant, Maxime;Kaltenbach, Robert F. III;Cherney, Robert J.;Tarby, Christine M.;Kiau, Susanne. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2007.Safety of 3-Methylthiophene-2-carbonitrile This article mentions the following:
New methods for the palladium-catalyzed cyanation of aryl and heteroaryl chlorides have been developed, featuring sterically demanding, electron-rich phosphines. E.g., Pd(TFA)2/(binaphthyl)P(t-Bu)2/Zn catalyzed the cyanation of 4-ClC6H4NH2 by Zn(CN)2 to give 93% 4-NCC6H4NH2. Highly challenging electron-rich aryl chlorides, in addition to electron-neutral and electron-deficient substrates, as well as nitrogen- and sulfur-containing heteroaryl chlorides can all undergo efficient cyanation under relatively mild conditions using readily available materials. In terms of substrate scope and temperature, these methods compare very favorably with the state-of-the-art cyanations of aryl chlorides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methylthiophene-2-carbonitrile (cas: 55406-13-8Safety of 3-Methylthiophene-2-carbonitrile).
3-Methylthiophene-2-carbonitrile (cas: 55406-13-8) belongs to nitriles. Nitrile carbon shifts are in the range of 115â?25 ppm whereas in isonitriles the shifts are around 155â?65 ppm. Asymmetric bioreduction of nitriles is an attractive route to produce optically active nitriles as current metal-catalyzed hydrogenations tend to have low reactivity.Safety of 3-Methylthiophene-2-carbonitrile
Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts