Category: 91-15-6

Yan, Yonggang published the artcilePhotochemically Enabled, Ni-Catalyzed Cyanation of Aryl Halides, Recommanded Product: Phthalonitrile, the main research area is dicyanobenzene haloarene nickel catalyst photochem cyanation; aryl nitrile preparation.

A light-promoted Ni-catalyzed cyanation of aryl halides employing 1,4-dicyanobenzene as a cyanating agent was reported. A broad array of aryl bromides, chlorides and druglike mols. could be converted into their corresponding nitriles (65 examples). Mechanistic studies suggest that upon irradiation, the oxidative addition product Ni(II)(dtbbpy)(p-C6H4CN)(CN) underwent homolytic cleavage of the Ni-aryl bond to generate an aryl radical and a Ni(I)-CN species, the latter of which initiated subsequent cyanation reactions.

Organic Letters published new progress about Aromatic nitriles Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 91-15-6 belongs to class nitriles-buliding-blocks, name is Phthalonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H4N2, Recommanded Product: Phthalonitrile.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kodama, Susumu published the artcileAssociation between in vitro nuclear receptor-activating profiles of chemical compounds and their in vivo hepatotoxicity in rats, Safety of Phthalonitrile, the main research area is chem compound nuclear receptor activating profile hepatotoxicity.

The liver plays critical roles to maintain homeostasis of living organisms and is also a major target organ of chem. toxicity. Meanwhile, nuclear receptors (NRs) are known to regulate major liver functions and also as a critical target for hepatotoxic compounds In this study, we established mammalian one-hybrid assay systems for five rat-derived NRs, namely PXR, PPARα, LXRα, FXR and RXRα, and evaluated a total of 326 compounds for their NR-activating profiles. Then, we assessed the association between their NR-activating profile and hepatotoxic endpoints in repeated-dose toxicity data of male rats from Hazard Evaluation Support System. In the in vitro cell-based assays, 68, 38, 20, 17 and 17 compounds were identified as positives for PXR, PPARα, LXRα, FXR and RXRα, resp. The association analyses demonstrated that the PXR-pos. compounds showed high frequency of endpoints related to liver hypertrophy, such as centrilobular hepatocellular hypertrophy, suggesting that PXR activation is involved in chem.-induced liver hypertrophy in rats. It is intriguing to note that the PXR-pos. compounds also showed statistically significant associations with both prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and prolonged prothrombin time, suggesting a possible involvement of PXR in the regulation of blood clotting factors. Collectively, our approach may be useful for discovering new functions of NRs as well as understanding the complex mechanism for hepatotoxicity caused by chem. compounds

Journal of Toxicological Sciences published new progress about Albumins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 91-15-6 belongs to class nitriles-buliding-blocks, name is Phthalonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H4N2, Safety of Phthalonitrile.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Shigeno, Masanori published the artcileDirect C-H carboxylation forming polyfunctionalized aromatic carboxylic acids by combined Bronsted bases, Related Products of nitriles-buliding-blocks, the main research area is polyfunctionalized methyl benzoate preparation; arene carbon dioxide carboxylation Bronsted base promoted.

CO2 fixation into electron-deficient aromatic C-H bonds proceeded with the combined Bronsted bases LiO-t-Bu and LiO-t-Am/CsF/18-crown-6 (t-Am = CEtMe2) under a CO2 atmosphere to afford a variety of polyfunctionalized aromatic carboxylic acid derivatives RCO2Me [R = 2,4,6-tri-BrC6H2, 2,3-di-ClC6H3, 2-O2NC6H4, etc.].

Organic Letters published new progress about Aromatic hydrocarbons Role: RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 91-15-6 belongs to class nitriles-buliding-blocks, name is Phthalonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H4N2, Related Products of nitriles-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kalashnikov, Valery V. published the artcile5-Phenyl- and 5,10-diphenyltetrabenzoporphyrins: Novel synthetic approach, physicochemical study with an emphasis on NMR spectroscopy, and identification of benzylated derivatives, COA of Formula: C8H4N2, the main research area is tetrabenzoporphyrin phenyl preparation NMR UV VIS.

Novel synthetic approach to low-symmetry meso-Ph substituted tetrabenzoporphyrins (TPBs) by Zn(OAc)2 templated assembly of phthalonitrile in the presence of benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride has been proposed affording two main products: 5-phenyl-21H,23H-TBP (I) and 5,10-diphenyl-21H,23H-TBP (II) with higher yield for compound I. Procedure for isolation of I and II in individual high purity state has been developed supplemented with selection of an appropriate NMR solvent system (CDCl3 with 1% additive of CF3COOH) that allowed full signal assignment in 1H and 13C spectra to be made utilizing homonuclear 1H-1H (COSY, NOESY, TOCSY) and heteronuclear 1H-13C (HSQC) correlation techniques. Isolation and physicochem. study of a mixture of monobenzylated co-products were carried out as well involving 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopies, which for the first time allowed not only to find out their structure, but also to determine the ratio of the positional isomers formed.

Dyes and Pigments published new progress about NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). 91-15-6 belongs to class nitriles-buliding-blocks, name is Phthalonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H4N2, COA of Formula: C8H4N2.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Timoshkin, I. A. published the artcileHeat-Resistant Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Based on a Copolymer of Bisphthalonitriles and Bisbenzonitrile, Product Details of C8H4N2, the main research area is bisphthalonitrile bisbenzonitrile copolymer carbon fiber reinforced plastic.

New phthalonitrile resins that provide processing properties at the level of epoxy resins and composites obtained from them are discussed. The processing parameters of the resins are improved due to the discovery of reactive diluents based on bisbenzonitriles. By introducing these comonomers into the resin composition the melt viscosity is reduced to less than 100 MPa s at a temperature of 120°C, which allows one to obtain carbon fibers by modern injection techniques. The curing programs of the composite are selected in order to attain the maximum compressive strength (852 MPa). Carbon fiber reinforced plastics postcured at 375°C retain up to 90% of their mech. properties at 400°C (t12 = 60-80 MPa). It is first shown that prepregs can be produced from phthalonitrile resins using the melt technol. and composites from them can be obtained by hot pressing. Carbon fibers possess high limiting oxygen index values (LOI > 80%). Thus, phthalonitrile resins and prepregs are developed for non-autoclave processing of carbon and glass composites suitable for operation at elevated temperatures

Polymer Science, Series C: Selected Topics published new progress about Carbon fiber-reinforced plastics Role: MOA (Modifier or Additive Use), USES (Uses). 91-15-6 belongs to class nitriles-buliding-blocks, name is Phthalonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H4N2, Product Details of C8H4N2.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Khong, Minh-Thuong published the artcileChemical Modifications Induced by Phthalic Anhydride, a Respiratory Sensitizer, in Reconstructed Human Epidermis: A Combined HRMAS NMR and LC-MS/MS Proteomic Approach, Formula: C8H4N2, the main research area is phthalic anhydride respiratory sensitizer skin epidermis safety.

Chem. skin and respiratory allergies are becoming a major health problem. To date our knowledge on the process of protein haptenation is still limited and mainly derived from studies performed in solution using model nucleophiles. In order to better understand chem. interactions between chem. allergens and the skin, we have investigated the reactivity of phthalic anhydride 1 (PA), a chem. respiratory sensitizer, toward reconstructed human epidermis (RHE). This study was performed using a new approach combining HRMAS NMR to investigate the in situ chem. reactivity and LC-MS/MS to identify modified epidermal proteins. In RHE, the reaction of PA appeared to be quite fast and the major product formed was phthalic acid. Two amide type adducts on lysine residues were observed and after 8h of incubation, we also observed the formation of an imide type cyclized adducts with lysine. In parallel, RHE samples topically exposed to phthalic anhydride (13C)-1 were analyzed using the shotgun proteomics method. Thus, 948 different proteins were extracted and identified, 135 of which being modified by PA, i.e., 14.2% of the extracted proteome. A total of 211 amino acids were modified by PA and validated by fragmentation spectra. We thus identified 154 modified lysines, 22 modified histidines, 30 modified tyrosines, and 5 modified arginines. The rate of modified residues, as a proportion of the total number of modifiable nucleophilic residues in RHE, was rather low (1%). At the protein level, modified proteins were mainly type I and type II keratins and other proteins which are abundant in the epidermis such as protein S100A, Caspase 14, annexin A2, serpin B3, fatty-acid binding protein 5, histone H2, H3, H4, etc. However, the most modified protein, mainly on histidine residues, was filaggrin, a protein that is of low abundance (0.0266 mol %) and rich in histidine.

Chemical Research in Toxicology published new progress about Allergens Role: ADV (Adverse Effect, Including Toxicity), BIOL (Biological Study). 91-15-6 belongs to class nitriles-buliding-blocks, name is Phthalonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H4N2, Formula: C8H4N2.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Medjahed, Aboubakr published the artcileFabrication Process, Tensile, and Gamma Rays Shielding Properties of Newly Developed Fiber Metal Laminates Based on an Al-Li Alloy and Carbon Fibers-Tungsten Carbide Nanoparticles Reinforced Phthalonitrile Resin Composite, Recommanded Product: Phthalonitrile, the main research area is tungsten carbide nanoparticle phthalonitrile resin composite AlLi alloy.

In the present study, new fiber-metal laminates (FMLs) are manufactured from the lay-up process of the carbon fibers-tungsten carbide nanoparticles/phthalonitrile (CFs-WC/PN) composite and the Al-Li alloy. The properties of the developed hybrids are analyzed and compared with those of the monolithic alloy. Generally speaking, the results indicate that the amount of the fiber considerably affects the tensile properties. The mech. properties of the FMLs show enhancements over both the Al-Li alloy and the CFs/PN composite individually. When the number of the composite layers varies from 4 to 12, the ultimate tensile strength of the prepared FMLs increase from 335.3 to 690.5 MPa. The FMLs present a ductile behavior (up to a failure strain of 20%), which can be attributed to the ductile fracture morphol. of the Al-Li alloy. These improvements are the result of the synergistic combination of the high strength of composites and the superior ductility of metals. In the meantime, the gamma rays (γ-rays) shielding test reveals that increasing the weight amount of the tungsten carbide (WC) nanoparticles in the composite noticeably improves the screening ratio, reaching the exceptional value of 46% for the hybrid containing 20 wt% of WC.

Advanced Engineering Materials published new progress about Carbon fibers Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 91-15-6 belongs to class nitriles-buliding-blocks, name is Phthalonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H4N2, Recommanded Product: Phthalonitrile.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Denekamp, Ilse M. published the artcileA simple synthesis of symmetric phthalocyanines and their respective perfluoro and transition-metal complexes, Product Details of C8H4N2, the main research area is phthalocyanine transition metal complex preparation.

The authors report a simple synthesis protocol for making phthalocyanines (Pcs) starting from phthalonitriles. This method is general and requires no specialized equipment. The complexes are isolated and characterized using x-ray diffraction, NMR, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. First, the authors study and present a 1-step synthesis route to a metal-free Pc (H2PcH16), as well as to the corresponding MPcH16 complexes of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn. Then, this route can also be used to make the fluorinated Pc analogs (MPcF16). Finally, the authors present a new and useful procedure for inserting a metal ion into a metal-free H2PcH16 ring, by direct metalation, yielding the corresponding MPcH16 complex. This last method is especially useful if you want to make different MPcH16 complexes.

Applied Organometallic Chemistry published new progress about Phthalocyanines Role: RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 91-15-6 belongs to class nitriles-buliding-blocks, name is Phthalonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H4N2, Product Details of C8H4N2.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Aleshkevich, V. V. published the artcileC/C composites developed from phthalonitrile based composites, Recommanded Product: Phthalonitrile, the main research area is carbon fabric phthalonitrile composite reinforced plastic porosity.

Carbonization of carbon fabric reinforced plastics (CFRPs) with phthalonitrile matrixes at 1000°C was investigated. Four different carbonization modes were tested. It was explored, that a mode with step heat rate is most beneficial. Two different phthalonitrile resins were investigated. Elemental anal. of final carbon-carbon composite (C/C) matrix was carried out and the results showed up to 88.5 mass% carbon presence. Final C/C d. reached 1.5991 after only one cycle of impregnation-carbonization. Final porosity of samples reached 9.2%. These results allow to consider phthalonitriles as a prospective carbon precursor for C/Cs manufacturing Mech. testing of the C/C samples was performed (Compressive strength P = 72.2MPa, E = 11.8 GPa). Tribol. data was received (coefficient of friction = 0.31, wear rate = 30μ/min). Thermal anal. was carried out (χ = 72.94 W/m*K, α = 85.8 cm2/s).

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering published new progress about Carbonization. 91-15-6 belongs to class nitriles-buliding-blocks, name is Phthalonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H4N2, Recommanded Product: Phthalonitrile.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lioret, Vivian published the artcilePyrene/coumarin-subphthalocyanine conjugates as light harvesting systems with intramolecular energy transfer, Related Products of nitriles-buliding-blocks, the main research area is pyrene coumarine subphthalocyanine photoinduced intramol energy transfer.

A series of subphthalocyanine-antenna dyads have been successfully designed, synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, high-resolution mass spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction for some of them. Pyrene and coumarin have been appended at the axial position of the subphthalocyanine scaffold using different types of linkers. Photophys. properties of the new compounds have been measured in toluene, THF, chloroform, DMSO and methanol. Energy transfer efficiencies between antenna and the subphthalocyanine platform have been investigated and almost quant. energy transfer occurs in the antenna-platform 5.

Dyes and Pigments published new progress about Crystal structure. 91-15-6 belongs to class nitriles-buliding-blocks, name is Phthalonitrile, and the molecular formula is C8H4N2, Related Products of nitriles-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts