Tag: 100-200

Safety of 3-Chloro-4-fluorophenylacetonitrileOn September 25, 2008 ,《Enantiomeric Propanolamines as selective N-Methyl-D-aspartate 2B Receptor Antagonists》 was published in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The article was written by Tahirovic, Yesim A.; Geballe, Matthew; Gruszecka-Kowalik, Ewa; Myers, Scott J.; Lyuboslavsky, Polina; Le, Phuong; French, Adam; Irier, Hasan; Choi, Woo-baeg; Easterling, Keith; Yuan, Hongjie; Wilson, Lawrence J.; Kotloski, Robert; McNamara, James O.; Dingledine, Raymond; Liotta, Dennis C.; Traynelis, Stephen F.; Snyder, James P.. The article contains the following contents:

Enantiomeric propanolamines have been identified as a new class of NR2B-selective NMDA receptor antagonists. The most effective agents are biaryl structures, synthesized in six steps with overall yields ranging from 11-64%. The compounds are potent and selective inhibitors of NR2B-containing recombinant NMDA receptors with IC50 values between 30-100 nM. Potency is strongly controlled by substitution on both rings and the centrally located amine nitrogen. SAR anal. suggests that well-balanced polarity and chain-length factors provide the greatest inhibitory potency. Structural comparisons based on 3D shape anal. and electrostatic complementarity support this conclusion. The antagonists are neuroprotective in both in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic cell death. In addition, some compounds exhibit anticonvulsant properties. Unlike earlier generation NMDA receptor antagonists and some NR2B-selective antagonists, the present series of propanolamines does not cause increased locomotion in rodents. Thus, the NR2B-selective antagonists exhibit a range of therapeutically interesting properties. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Chloro-4-fluorophenylacetonitrile(cas: 658-98-0Safety of 3-Chloro-4-fluorophenylacetonitrile)

3-Chloro-4-fluorophenylacetonitrile(cas: 658-98-0) belongs to nitriles. Nitriles are found in many useful compounds. Nitrile rubber is also widely used as automotive and other seals since it is resistant to fuels and oils. Organic compounds containing multiple nitrile groups are known as cyanocarbons.Safety of 3-Chloro-4-fluorophenylacetonitrile

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

《Stacking MFI zeolite structures for improved Sonogashira coupling reactions》 was written by Jia, Xicheng; Jiang, Dahong; Tsang, Daniel C. W.; Choi, Jungkyu; Yip, Alex C. K.. HPLC of Formula: 2042-37-7This research focused onZSM5 stacking support palladium catalyst preparation crystallinity; phenylacetylene bromobenzene palladium catalyst Sonogashira coupling; diphenylacetylene preparation. The article conveys some information:

A zeolite with stacking structure was designed by using hydraulic pressing and programmed temperature calcination synthesis procedures. ZSM-5 type zeolites with particle sizes of approx. 100 nm, 1 μm and 2 μm were used to synthesize stacking ZSM-5 with a size ranging from 45 to 63 μm. The prepared ZSM-5 zeolite stacking structure was used as a support to deposit palladium. The performance of the palladium/stacking ZSM-5 was investigated on Sonogashira coupling reactions. Stacking samples with micro-sized units (1 μm and 2 μm) showed a 200-300% higher turnover number (TON) than their unit counterparts. However, stacking samples with nano-sized units (100 nm) showed decreased TON conversion compared with that of their unit counterparts, probably due to partial destruction of the nano-sized ZSM-5 structure during the stacking synthesis process at high temperature The palladium/stacking ZSM-5 (micro-sized units) also showed better conversion on different bromides and alkynes than that of traditional homogenous catalysts. Moreover, the stacking composites showed good durability by recycling 4 runs without losing significant catalytic activity. The design of the stacking MFI structure exhibited improved catalytic activity, sustainability and hierarchical-resemblance properties. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 2-Bromobenzonitrile(cas: 2042-37-7HPLC of Formula: 2042-37-7)

2-Bromobenzonitrile(cas: 2042-37-7) belongs to a group of ortho-substituted bromobenzenes that have varying hepatotoxicity effects in the presence of rat liver microsomes in vitro. 2-Bromobenzonitrile is also used as a starting material to synthesize novel benzothiophene derivatives that were found to exhibit antibacterial and antifungal activity.HPLC of Formula: 2042-37-7

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

《Heteroatom-directed metalation. Lithiation of N-propenylbenzamides and N-propenyl-o-toluamides. Novel routes to ortho-substituted primary benzamide derivatives and N-unsubstituted isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones》 was written by Fisher, Lawrence E.; Muchowski, Joseph M.; Clark, Robin D.. HPLC of Formula: 53005-44-0 And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry on April 24 ,1992. The article conveys some information:

Reaction of N-propenylbenzamides obtained by LDA-induced isomerization of the corresponding N-allylbenzamides with 2 equiv of sec-BuLi or tert-BuLi at low temperature regiospecifically generates the highly reactive N,ortho-dilithiated species. These dilithio species react with numerous electrophilic reagents, including alkyl halides, giving adducts which on hydrolysis with warm 50% aqueous acetic acid are converted into ortho-substituted primary benzmides in excellent yields. ortho-Lithiation of N-propenylbenzamides is thus formally equivalent to ortho-lithiation of primary benzamides. The utility of this synthetic operation is exemplified by the synthesis of 2-methoxy-6-methylbenzoic acid and 2-methoxy-6-methylbenzonitrile from N-propenyl-2-methoxybenzamide. After reading the article, we found that the author used 2-Methoxy-6-methylbenzonitrile(cas: 53005-44-0HPLC of Formula: 53005-44-0)

2-Methoxy-6-methylbenzonitrile(cas: 53005-44-0) belongs to nitriles. Nitriles are found in many useful compounds. Nitrile rubber is also widely used as automotive and other seals since it is resistant to fuels and oils. HPLC of Formula: 53005-44-0 Industrially, the main methods for producing nitriles are ammoxidation and hydrocyanation. Both routes are green in the sense that they do not generate stoichiometric amounts of salts.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

《Characteristics of the formation and toxicity index of nine newly identified brominated disinfection byproducts during wastewater ozonation》 was written by Zhang, Xin-Yang; Du, Ye; Lu, Yao; Wang, Wen-Long; Wu, Qian-Yuan. Related Products of 31938-07-5This research focused onwastewater ozonation brominated disinfection byproduct toxicity index; Bromide; DBPs; Formation potential; Ozonation; Toxicity index. The article conveys some information:

Ozonation plays an important role in wastewater treatment for reuse. However, the toxicity of wastewater treated with ozone considerably increases with bromide (Br-) concentration >100μg/L. Nine newly identified brominated disinfection byproducts (Br-DBPs) that are highly toxic in ozonated Br–containing wastewater were found in our recent work, including 2-bromostyrene, 1-bromo-1-phenylethylene, 2-bromobenzaldehyde, 3-bromobenzaldehyde, 4-bromobenzaldehyde, 2-bromophenylacetonitrile, 3-bromophenylacetonitrile, 4-bromophenylacetonitrile, and 2,4,6-tribromophenol. In the present study, the formation and calculated toxicity index of the nine newly identified Br-DBPs were evaluated. The correlations between the water quality index and the formation of nine Br-DBPs were also analyzed. With the increase of ozone dosage, the concentrations of bromostyrenes, 3-bromobenzaldehyde, 4-bromobenzaldehyde, 2-bromophenylacetonitrile, and 2,4,6-tribromophenyl in the ozonated samples gradually increased. With the increase of Br- concentration, the concentrations of bromostyrene, 2-bromobenzaldehyde, and 2,4,6-tribromophenol gradually increased. With the increase of NH4+ concentration, the concentrations of bromophenylacetonitriles gradually increased. Among the nine Br-DBPs, the bromophenylacetonitriles and 2,4,6-tribromophenol contributed the most to the cytotoxicity index, 2,4,6-tribromophenol and bromostyrenes contributed the most to the genotoxicity index, and bromophenylacetonitriles and bromostyrenes contributed the most to the oxidative damage index. The dissolved organic carbon levels strongly correlated with the formation of 3-bromophenylacetonitrile and 4-bromophenylacetonitrile, and the fluorescence I-V region intensity integral was correlated with the formation of 4-bromobenzaldehyde and 2,4,6-tribromophenol. The results of the present study clarified the formation potential of the nine widely existing newly identified Br-DBPs, confirmed the high calculated toxicity indexes, and are of great value for future research on Br-DBPs.2-(3-Bromophenyl)acetonitrile(cas: 31938-07-5Related Products of 31938-07-5) was used in this study.

2-(3-Bromophenyl)acetonitrile(cas: 31938-07-5) has been used in the synthesis of a series of aminoethylbiphenyls, novel 5-HT7 receptor ligands or 2-(1-cyano-1-(3-bromophenyl))methylidene-3-phenylthiazolidine-4,5-dione.Related Products of 31938-07-5

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Application of 17201-43-3In 2020 ,《Synthesis, molecular docking simulation, and biological evaluation studies of novel amide and ether conjugates of 2,3-diaryl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones》 was published in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry. The article was written by Daipule, Komal; Goud, Nerella Sridhar; Sethi, Aaftaab; Gurrapu, Swapna; Mamidala, Estari; Alvala, Mallika. The article contains the following contents:

To develop potent lead mols. as a novel class of reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors, amide and ether conjugates of 2,3-diaryl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones I (R1 = Ph, 2-BrC6H4, 2,3-Me2C6H3, 2-pyridyl, etc.) and II (R2 = H2C:CHCH2, HCCCH2, PhCH2, 3-ClC6H4CH2, etc.) were synthesized. The compounds II (R2 = PhCH2) and II (R2 = 4-FC6H4CH2) exhibited IC50 values of 0.21113 ± 0.013μM and 12.6804 ± 0.062μM resp. from the in-vitro human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RT assay. None of the compounds showed toxicity towards peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies were performed for the synthesized compounds I and II in order to estimate the effect of the substitution pattern on the RT inhibition potency. In silico docking studies revealed that two or more interactions were necessary for significant activity. The experimental process involved the reaction of 4-Cyanobenzyl bromide(cas: 17201-43-3Application of 17201-43-3)

4-Cyanobenzyl bromide(cas: 17201-43-3) can reacts with 2H-tetrazole in the presence of KOH to yield 4-[(2H-tetra-zol-2-yl)methyl]benzonitrile. And it may be used in the synthesis of ligands containing a chelating pyrazolyl-pyridine group with a pendant aromatic nitrile.Application of 17201-43-3

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2022,Nishida, Yoshihide; Sato, Katsutoshi; Chaudhari, Chandan; Yamada, Hiroshi; Toriyama, Takaaki; Yamamoto, Tomokazu; Matsumura, Syo; Aspera, Susan Menez; Nakanishi, Hiroshi; Haneda, Masaaki; Nagaoka, Katsutoshi published an article in Catalysis Science & Technology. The title of the article was 《Nitrile hydrogenation to secondary amines under ambient conditions over palladium-platinum random alloy nanoparticles》.Synthetic Route of C7H4FN The author mentioned the following in the article:

Bimetalization between palladium (Pd) and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles, which resulted in a catalyst that showed high yield of secondary amines. Although Pd and Pt were thermodynamically immiscible, successfully alloyed the two metals by means of rapid chem. reduction assisted by microwave heating. X-ray absorption spectroscopy suggested the formation of heteroat. Pdδ+Ptδ- sites via charge transfer between neighboring Pd and Pt atoms in the alloy structure. Moreover, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that decreasing the size of the PdPt (50 : 50) nanoparticles improved the degree of alloying and facilitated the formation of electron-enriched Ptδ- species. On the basis of kinetics studies and d. functional theory calculations, that cyano group activation, which was the rate-determining step over monometallic Pd and Pt catalysts, was accelerated over the heteroat. Pdδ+Ptδ- sites because of strong back-donation from electron-enriched Ptδ- species to the carbon atom of the cyano groups. The PdPt random alloy nanoparticles catalyzed the reactions of various aromatic and heterocyclic nitriles, and the corresponding secondary amines were selectively obtained in just a few hours. In addition to this study using 4-Fluorobenzonitrile, there are many other studies that have used 4-Fluorobenzonitrile(cas: 1194-02-1Synthetic Route of C7H4FN) was used in this study.

4-Fluorobenzonitrile(cas: 1194-02-1) is used as chemical intermediate, solvent for perfumes and pharmaceuticals, stabilizer for chlorinated solvents, HPLC analysis, catalyst and component of transition-metal complex catalysts.Synthetic Route of C7H4FN

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2022,Luo, Yan; Li, Min; Tang, Jiaqi; Zang, Jianyang; Wang, Yonggang; Liu, Taihong; Fang, Yu published an article in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. The title of the article was 《Interfacially confined preparation of fumaronitrile-based nanofilms exhibiting broadband saturable absorption properties》.Formula: C7H4FN The author mentioned the following in the article:

Interfacial nanofilms with nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were prepared via confined dynamic condensation of 4,4′-methylenedianiline (MDA) with the synthesized 2,3-bis(4-(bis(4-formylphenyl)amino)phenyl)fumaronitrile (BTFA). Investigated using the open-aperture Z-scan technique, BTFA showed reverse saturable absorption ascribed to the synergetic mechanisms of two-photon and excited-state absorption. In contrast, the as-prepared nanofilms demonstrated broadband saturable absorption within the spectral range of 720-1700 nm. The characteristics of nonlinear absorption coefficient (β) decreased along with increasing the incident pulse intensity. Taking advantage of the flexibility and post-machinability properties, the folding layers of the nanofilms offered the feasibility to fine-tune the specific NLO responses. The optimal β value was found to be -10.1 cm/MW for eight-layer nanofilm as well as the normalized transmittance increased up to 35-fold at 800 nm. Utilized as a conceptual saturable absorber, the representative modulation depth and saturation intensity were observed to be around 2.4% and 7.37 GW/cm2 at 800 nm, resp., comparable to traditional two-dimensional (2D) materials. Aiming to clarify the possible underlying phys. processes, a four-level model was employed to illustrate the fast relaxation of the excited states. Present work demonstrates that proper design of building blocks combined with interfacially confined dynamic condensation enables rational development of high-performance NLO materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Fluorobenzonitrile(cas: 1194-02-1Formula: C7H4FN)

4-Fluorobenzonitrile(cas: 1194-02-1) is used as chemical intermediate, solvent for perfumes and pharmaceuticals, stabilizer for chlorinated solvents, HPLC analysis, catalyst and component of transition-metal complex catalysts.Formula: C7H4FN

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2022,Zeynizadeh, Behzad; Mousavi, Hossein; Mohammad Aminzadeh, Farkhondeh published an article in Journal of Molecular Structure. The title of the article was 《A hassle-free and cost-effective transfer hydrogenation strategy for the chemoselective reduction of arylnitriles to primary amines through in situ-generated nickel (II) dihydride intermediate in water》.Application In Synthesis of 4-Fluorobenzonitrile The author mentioned the following in the article:

A new, simple, efficient, inexpensive, and chemoselective transfer hydrogenation strategy was introduced for the straightforward reduction of arylnitriles to corresponding primary amines using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and nickel acetate tetrahydrate (Ni(OAc)2•4H2O) through in situ-generated nickel (II) dihydride intermediate in the water medium at 50°. The presented methodol. featured moderate reaction conditions, nickel boride (Ni2B)-free trajectory, good-to-excellent yields of the products, relatively short reaction times, satisfactory chemoselectivity, and did not involve the use of toxic organic solvent and also any base or ligand. In the experiment, the researchers used 4-Fluorobenzonitrile(cas: 1194-02-1Application In Synthesis of 4-Fluorobenzonitrile)

4-Fluorobenzonitrile(cas: 1194-02-1) is used in the synthesis of flurenones, pharmaceutical prerequisites, as well as opiod receptor antagonists.Application In Synthesis of 4-Fluorobenzonitrile

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2022,Sharma, Brijesh M.; Nikam, Arun V.; Lahore, Santosh; Ahn, Gwang-Noh; Kim, Dong-Pyo published an article in Chemistry – A European Journal. The title of the article was 《Cyanide-Free Cyanation of sp2 and sp-Carbon Atoms by an Oxazole-Based Masked CN Source Using Flow Microreactors》.Name: 2-Bromobenzonitrile The author mentioned the following in the article:

This work reports a cyanide-free continuous-flow process for cyanation of sp2 and sp carbons to synthesize aryl, vinyl and acetylenic nitriles from (5-methyl-2-phenyloxazol-4-yl) boronic acid [OxBA] reagent as a sole source of carbon-bound masked -CN source. Non-toxic and stable OxBA reagent is generated by lithiation-borylation of bromo-oxazole, and the consecutive Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling with aryl, vinyl, or acetylenic halides and demasking [4+2]/retro-[4+2] sequence were successfully accomplished to give the desired cyano compounds with reasonably good yields in a four-step flow manner. A unique feature of this cyanation protocol in flow enables to cyanate a variety of sp2 and sp carbons to produce a broad spectrum of aryl acetonitrile. It is envisaged that the OxBA based cyanation would replace existing unstable and toxic approaches as well as non-toxic cyanation using two different sources of “”C”” and “”N”” to incorporate the -CN group. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromobenzonitrile(cas: 2042-37-7Name: 2-Bromobenzonitrile)

2-Bromobenzonitrile(cas: 2042-37-7) is a precursor to the quinazolinones, a class of drugs used to treat autoimmune diseases and coronary heart disease. This substrate molecule undergoes a palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction to form an aromatic ring. The light emission from this reaction can be seen in the reaction solution.Name: 2-Bromobenzonitrile

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Dong; Liu, Zhao-Ran; Ma, Cong; Jiao, Ke-Jin; Sun, Bing; Wei, Lei; Lefranc, Julien; Herbert, Simon; Mei, Tian-Sheng published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Nickel-Catalyzed N-Arylation of NH-Sulfoximines with Aryl Halides via Paired Electrolysis》, and you may find the article in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition.Formula: C7H4BrN The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A novel strategy for the N-arylation of NH-sulfoximines has been developed by merging nickel catalysis and electrochem. (in an undivided cell), thereby providing a practical method for the construction of sulfoximine derivatives Paired electrolysis is employed in this protocol, so a sacrificial anode is not required. Owing to the mild reaction conditions, excellent functional group tolerance and yield are achieved. A preliminary mechanistic study indicates that the anodic oxidation of a NiII species is crucial to promote the reductive elimination of a C-N bond from the resulting NiIII species at room temperature In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 4-Bromobenzonitrile(cas: 623-00-7Formula: C7H4BrN)

4-Bromobenzonitrile(cas: 623-00-7) has been used in the synthesis of 4-iodobenzonitrile via photo-induced aromatic Finkelstein iodination reaction.Formula: C7H4BrN It can also be used as an aryl halide test compound in developing greener reaction conditions for Suzuki cross-coupling between aryl halides and phenyl boronic acid.

Referemce:
Nitrile – Wikipedia,
Nitriles – Chemistry LibreTexts