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So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Voogd, C. E.; Van der Stel, J. J.; Jacobs, J. J. J. A. A. researched the compound: 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole( cas:4897-25-0 ).Reference of 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole.They published the article 《The mutagenic action of nitroimidazoles. IV. A comparison of the mutagenic action of several nitroimidazoles and some imidazoles》 about this compound( cas:4897-25-0 ) in Mutation Research, Genetic Toxicology Testing. Keywords: imidazole mutagen bacteria; nitroimidazole mutagen bacteria. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:4897-25-0).

When tested with Klebsiella pneumoniae and (or) Salmonella typhimurium, 31 of 33 tested nitroimidazoles were mutagenic, whereas of 18 other tested imidazoles without a nitro group, only 2 were mutagenic. Several of the substances tested for mutagenicity had antimicrobial action, but no direct relation between antimicrobial action, growth inhibition, and mutagenicity was observed A relation between the chem. structure and mutagenic action was observed for nitroimidazoles of a more complex chem. structure.

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In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Infused self-assembly on Langmuir-Blodgett Film: Fabrication of highly efficient SERS active substrates with controlled plasmonic aggregates, published in 2019, which mentions a compound: 4556-23-4, mainly applied to plasmonic aggregation Langmuir Blodgett film SERS fabrication, Recommanded Product: Pyridine-4-thiol.

A facile procedure towards the fabrication of highly reproducible, large area surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active substrates through integration of Langmuir-Blodgett and self-assembly technique has been reported. The plasmonic architectures of the substrates can be tuned at will to control the hot spots and hence the overall enhancements of SERS signal. The as-prepared substrates of classes “”A”” and “”B”” incubated in gold nanocolloids show their resp. efficacies as efficient SERS sensing scaffolds for detecting 4-MPy mol. at ultrasensitive concentrations Moreover, these substrates are unique in their kinds, where explicit or concomitant presence of protonated and deprotonated forms of 4-MPy can be detected at trace concentrations The substrates also exhibit remarkable spectral reproducibility and show early promise to overcome the “”SERS uncertainty principle””. To our knowledge, this genre of SERS active substrates with facile control over plasmonics, is the first report of its kind and are expected to provide new direction towards successful fabrication of the next generation SERS sensing platforms.

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Formula: C5H5NS. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: Pyridine-4-thiol, is researched, Molecular C5H5NS, CAS is 4556-23-4, about Can “”Hot Spots”” Be Stable Enough for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering?. Author is Zhu, Mei; Li, Moxia; Su, Mengke; Liu, Jianfang; Liu, Bingwu; Ge, Yongjie; Liu, Honglin; Hu, Jiawen.

Because of the random distribution and nonuniform enhancement of hot spots, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) usually shows poor spectral reproducibility, which greatly limits its practical applications, especially quant. SERS detection. Here, we report our finding that the instability of hot spots is also a key limiting factor for the poor spectral reproducibility of SERS. We show that hot spots show a stability threshold to the excitation power, duration, and wavelength. During SERS measurement, large spectral fluctuation is observed at or above a threshold power because the laser used reshapes (here, weld) the hot spots, causing a continuous decrease in SERS intensity. The threshold power also differs for different excitation wavelengths because of their different resonance extents with the plasmon of the hot spots. Finally, we show that a random SERS substrate can deliver much improved stable, reproducible SERS signals when lowering the excitation power below the threshold or deliberately removing the more unstable hot spots. These results offer a new understanding to the spectral reproducibility of SERS, greatly facilitating reliable SERS detection and the design of robust hot spots.

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Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 4556-23-4, is researched, Molecular C5H5NS, about Fabrication of SERS active Langmuir-Blodgett Film substrate for screening human cancer cell lines: Experimental observations supported by multivariate data analyses, the main research direction is prostate breast cancer Langmuir Blodgett film substrate SERS.Recommanded Product: Pyridine-4-thiol.

This paper reports fabrication of efficient and reproducible Surface Enhance Raman Scattering active substrate through integration of self-assembly and Langmuir-Blodgett technique for the detection of normal and cancerous cell lines associated with prostate and breast cancers. Morphol. of the substrate has been visualized using FESEM and AFM images. In vitro cytotoxicity test was performed to check the biocompatibility of the substrate. SERS sensing ability of the substrate has been tested with the probe 4-Mercaptopyridine mol. The as-prepared substrate has been employed for the first time to detect normal and cancerous cell lines linked with prostate and breast cancers. Multivariate statistical approaches like principal component anal. (PCA) and loading spectra were further explored for segregation and identification of the cancer cells from their normal counterparts. Intriguingly, the peak positions of the loading spectra nearly correspond to the difference SERS spectra between the normal and cancerous cell lines of prostate and breast cancers. To our knowledge, such one to one correspondence between the peak positions of loading and differences in the SERS spectra has been noticed for the first time and can act as a diagnostic platform to identify the biomarkers for cancerous cell lines in the mol. scale.

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Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Article, Science China: Life Sciences called Octahedral silver oxide nanoparticles enabling remarkable SERS activity for detecting circulating tumor cells, Author is He, Meng; Lin, Jie; Akakuru, Ozioma Udochukwu; Xu, Xiawei; Li, Yanying; Cao, Yi; Xu, Yanping; Wu, Aiguo, which mentions a compound: 4556-23-4, SMILESS is SC1=CC=NC=C1, Molecular C5H5NS, Product Details of 4556-23-4.

The detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is a crucial tool for early cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and postoperative evaluation. However, detection sensitivity remains a major challenge because CTCs are extremely rare in peripheral blood. To effectively detect CTCs, octahedral Ag2O nanoparticles (NPs) with high dispersibility, good biocompatibility, remarkable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement, and obvious enhancement selectivity are designed as an SERS platform. Ag2O NPs with many oxygen vacancy defects are successfully synthesized, which exhibit an ultra-high SERS enhancement factor (1.98×106) for 4-mercaptopyridine mols. The remarkable SERS activity of octahedral Ag2O NPs is derived from the synergistic effect of the surface defect-promoted photo-induced charge transfer (PICT) process and strong vibration coupling resonance in the Ag2O-mol. SERS complex, greatly amplifying the mol. Raman scattering cross-section. The promoted PICT process is confirmed using UV-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy, demonstrating that obvious PICT resonance occurs in Ag2O SERS system under visible light. An addnl. growth step of SERS bioprobe is proposed by modifying the Raman signal mols. and functional biol. mols. on Ag2O NPs for CTC detection. The Ag2O-based SERS bioprobe exhibits excellent detection specificity for different cancer cells in rabbit blood. Importantly, the high-sensitivity Ag2O-based SERS bioprobe satisfies the requirement for rare CTC detection in the peripheral blood of cancer patients, and the detection limit can reach 1 cell per mL. To our knowledge, this study is the first time that a semiconductor SERS substrate has been successfully utilized in CTC detection. This work provides new insights into CTC detection and the development of novel semiconductor-based SERS platforms for cancer diagnosis.

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Wolski, Tadeusz; Golkiewicz, Wladyslaw; Kaczorek, Marian; Kiszczak, Wlodzimierz published the article 《Technology and analytical control of 1-methyl-4-nitro-5-chloroimidazole manufacture. I. Synthesis and technology of 1-methyl-4-nitro-5-chloroimidazole》. Keywords: imidazole methylnitrochloro manufacture technol; oxalamide cyclization.They researched the compound: 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole( cas:4897-25-0 ).Formula: C4H4ClN3O2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:4897-25-0) here.

A 3-step preparation of the title compound is reported as a technol. modification of known procedures. It involves preparation of (CONHMe)2 from (CO2Et)2 and MeNH2(g) (90% yield), cyclization to 1-methyl-5-chloroimidazole with PCl5 (50% yield), and nitration with HNO3-H2SO4 (80% yield).

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Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Dyes and Pigments called Comparative photodynamic inactivation of bioluminescent E. coli by pyridinium and inverted pyridinium chlorins, Author is Calmeiro, Joana M. D.; Dias, Cristina J.; Ramos, Catarina I. V.; Almeida, Adelaide; Tome, Joao P. C.; Faustino, Maria A. F.; Lourenco, Leandro M. O., which mentions a compound: 4556-23-4, SMILESS is SC1=CC=NC=C1, Molecular C5H5NS, Related Products of 4556-23-4.

Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a therapeutic approach in study due to the ability to reduce or completely eliminate the bacterial strains without the development of resistance mechanisms. In this therapeutic methodol. the cationic chlorins (Chls) with pyridinium or inverted pyridinium moieties are one of the photosensitizers exploited in our biol. approaches. In this context, we synthesized and characterized new free-base and zinc(II) complexes of pyridinium or inverted pyridinium Chl derivatives (1b, 2, 2a and 2b, resp.) for the inactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli). The PDI assay was performed with white light irradiation delivered at a fluence rate of 25 mW cm-2. The obtained results of this study demonstrate high PDI efficiency of the zinc(II) metalated Chl 1b, reaching the detection limit of the bioluminescent method (5.2 log reduction) in 45 min of irradiation

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Related Products of 4897-25-0. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole, is researched, Molecular C4H4ClN3O2, CAS is 4897-25-0, about Molecular Mechanisms for CFIm-Mediated Regulation of mRNA Alternative Polyadenylation. Author is Zhu, Yong; Wang, Xiuye; Forouzmand, Elmira; Jeong, Joshua; Qiao, Feng; Sowd, Gregory A.; Engelman, Alan N.; Xie, Xiaohui; Hertel, Klemens J.; Shi, Yongsheng.

Alternative mRNA processing is a critical mechanism for proteome expansion and gene regulation in higher eukaryotes. The SR family proteins play important roles in splicing regulation. Intriguingly, mammalian genomes encode many poorly characterized SR-like proteins, including subunits of the mRNA 3′-processing factor CFIm, CFIm68 and CFIm59. Here we demonstrate that CFIm functions as an enhancer-dependent activator of mRNA 3′ processing. CFIm regulates global alternative polyadenylation (APA) by specifically binding and activating enhancer-containing poly(A) sites (PASs). Importantly, the CFIm activator functions are mediated by the arginine-serine repeat (RS) domains of CFIm68/59, which bind specifically to an RS-like region in the CPSF subunit Fip1, and this interaction is inhibited by CFIm68/59 hyper-phosphorylation. The remarkable functional similarities between CFIm and SR proteins suggest that interactions between RS-like domains in regulatory and core factors may provide a common activation mechanism for mRNA 3′ processing, splicing, and potentially other steps in RNA metabolism

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The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: Pyridine-4-thiol, is researched, Molecular C5H5NS, CAS is 4556-23-4, about A rotating disk electrode study on catalytic activity of iron(II) phthalocyanine-modified electrodes for oxygen reduction in acidic media, the main research direction is iron phthalocyanine oxygen reduction acidic media rotating disk electrode.Application In Synthesis of Pyridine-4-thiol.

Catalytic activity of monometric metal macrocycles for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was investigated using rotating disk electrode voltammetry in acidic media. Iron(II) phthalocyanines (FePc) and cobalt(II) tetraphenylporphyrins (CoTPP) were immobilized on Au surfaces through mol. wires with different terminal groups of pyridine and isocyanide. The measured ORR behavior of FePc was largely influenced by the axial ligand while CoTPP promoted only the two-electron reaction regardless of the axial ligand. The FePc immobilized with pyridine was easily detached from the surface under the ORR condition, and was able to promote the four-electron reaction only under the high overpotential application. The FePc with isocyanide was more stable with the activity for the four-electron reaction, due to stronger electron donation to Fe central ions.

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Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole, is researched, Molecular C4H4ClN3O2, CAS is 4897-25-0, about Studies on five-membered heterocycles. I. Synthesis of nitrochloroimidazoles.Synthetic Route of C4H4ClN3O2.

Chloronitroimidazoles I (R = H, R1 = H, Me; R = Me, R1 = H) were obtained in 70-5% yields by heating the corresponding dinitroimidazole with POCl3 in DMF 2-6 h at 80-5°. Heating II (R = H, X = NO2) with POCl3 2 h gave 68% II (R = H, X = Cl); II (R = Me; X = NO2) gave 60% 4-chloro-1-methyl-2-nitroimidazole.

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