Tag: M.W=100-200

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole, is researched, Molecular C4H4ClN3O2, CAS is 4897-25-0, about Pyrrolopyrimidine nucleosides. XIV. The synthesis of 7-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-selone and certain related derivatives.Application of 4897-25-0.

Treatment of 4-chloro-7-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine with selenourea in H2O containing HCO2H at steam bath temperature gave I, which reacted with alkylhalides to give the corresponding II (R = Me, CH2CH:CH2, CH2Ph, CH2C6H4NO2-p, 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl). Thus, I was treated with MeI at room temperature for 1 hr to give crystalline II (R = Me).

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Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds (New York, NY, United States) called Nucleophilic substitution reactions of 1-methyl-4,5-dinitroimidazole with aqueous ammonia or sodium azide, Author is Lian, Peng-Bao; Guo, Xiao-Jie; Wang, Jian-Long; Chen, Li-Zhen; Shen, Fan-Fan, which mentions a compound: 4897-25-0, SMILESS is C1=NC(=C(Cl)[N]1C)[N+]([O-])=O, Molecular C4H4ClN3O2, Synthetic Route of C4H4ClN3O2.

In this work, 5-amino-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole was synthesized by amination reaction of 1-methyl-4,5-dinitroimidazole with aqueous ammonia in 95% yield. Meanwhile, one of its isomers, 4-amino-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole as byproduct was obtained from the filtrate. Furthermore, nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1-methyl-4,5-dinitroimidazole with sodium azide gave 5-azido-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole in 98% yield. The three compounds were characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectra, m.ps., and elemental anal. The structure of 4-amino-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole was further confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. These reactions indicate that the nitro group at position 5 of 1-methyl-4,5-dinitroimidazole is quite unstable, as well as partial substitution of nitro group at position 4 also occurred in aqueous ammonia. Only one nitro group of the two is involved in nucleophilic substitution reaction in each case.

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Synthetic Route of C4H4ClN3O2. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole, is researched, Molecular C4H4ClN3O2, CAS is 4897-25-0, about Azathioprine lymphocytotoxicity. Potentially lethal damage by its imidazole derivatives. Author is Sauer, H.; Hantke, U.; Wilmanns, W..

The immunosuppressive agent 6-(1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole-5-yl)thiopurine (azathioprine, AZA) is metabolized to the purine antagonist 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and to 5-substituted 1-methyl-4-nitro-5-thioimidazoles or aminoimidazoles. Besides the cytostatic (growth inhibition) and cytocidal (cell killing) effect of the anti-metabolite 6-MP, which can be antagonized by exogenous purine supplementation, AZA has an addnl. effect, which cannot be antagonized by purines. This effect is due to electron-affine imidazole derivatives, which are generated by a nucleophilic attack on the AZA mol. A synthetic imidazole derivative (1-methyl-4-nitro-5-chloroimidazole, MNCI) develops cytostatic and cytocidal effects in 2 different permanent human lymphoblastoid cultures (LS2 and CH4) with threshold concentrations of 8 × 10-5 and 6 × 10-5 M, resp. This imidazole derivative with the nitro and chloro group in ortho-position seems to be more reactive than other imidazole derivatives It interferes with the redox potential of the cells. It causes glutathione depletion and sublethal conditioning of the cells (reduced repair capacity = potentially lethal damage = PLD = chemosensitization).

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In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called The 4-Mercaptopyridine Modified Fiber Optic Plasmonic Sensor for Sub-nM Mercury (II) Detection, published in 2022-03-31, which mentions a compound: 4556-23-4, Name is Pyridine-4-thiol, Molecular C5H5NS, Electric Literature of C5H5NS.

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a high-performance mercury ion sensor with sub-nM detection limit, high selectivity, and strong practicability based on the small mol. of the 4-mercaptopyridine (4-MPY) modified tilted fiber Bragg grating surface plasmon resonance (TFBG-SPR) sensing platform. The TFBG-SPR sensor has a rich mode field distribution and a narrow bandwidth, which can detect the microscopic phys. and chem. reactions on the sensor surface with high sensitivity without being disturbed by the external temperature For the environmental compatibility and highly efficient capture of the toxic mercury ion, 4-MPY is modified on the sensor surface forming a stable (4-MPY)-Hg-(4-MPY) structure due to the specific combination between the nitrogen of the pyridine moiety and the Hg2+ via multidentate N-bonding. Moreover, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are connected to the sensor surface through the (4-MPY)-Hg-(4-MPY) structure, which could play an important role for signal amplification. Under the optimized conditions, the limit of detection of the sensor for mercury ions detection in the solution is as low as 1.643×10-10 M (0.1643nM), and the detection range is 1×10-9 M – 1×10-5 M. At the same time, the mercury ion spiked detection with tap water shows that the sensor has the good selectivity and reliability in actual water samples. We develop a valuable sensing technol. for on-time environmental Hg2+ detection and in-vivo point of care testing in clinic applications.

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Electric Literature of C4H4ClN3O2. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole, is researched, Molecular C4H4ClN3O2, CAS is 4897-25-0, about New synthesis and antiparasitic activity of model 5-aryl-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazoles. Author is Saadeh, Haythem A.; Mosleh, Ibrahim M.; El-Abadelah, Mustafa M..

A number of 5-aryl-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazoles 5a-f have been synthesized in good yields by the Suzuki coupling reaction between 5-chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole and arylboronic acids, in the presence of dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II), K2CO3, and tetrabutylammonium bromide in water at 70-80 °C. On the basis of in vitro screening data, 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole (I) exhibited potent lethal activity against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia intestinalis with IC50 = 1.47 μM/mL, a value lower by a factor of two than that of the standard drug, metronidazole. The boosted activity of I was not accompanied by any increased cytotoxicity. The rest of the series also exhibited potent antiparasitic activity with IC50 values in the 1.72-4.43 μM/mL range. The cytotoxicity of 4-MeO and 4-Cl derivatives was increased compared to the precursor compound, metronidazole, although they remain non-cytotoxic at concentrations much higher than the antiparasitic concentration of the two derivatives

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Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole, is researched, Molecular C4H4ClN3O2, CAS is 4897-25-0, about Synthesis of sulfur-labeled 6-mercaptopurine and 6-[(1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl)mercapto]purine.

6-Mercaptopurine-35S (I) was prepared in 83% yield by boiling 6-chloropurine with Ba35S in pyridine containing Ba(OH)2 and KHSO3. Boiling I in aqueous NaOH 4 hr with 1-methyl-4-nitro-5-chloroimidazole gave 80% II.

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Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 4897-25-0, is researched, SMILESS is C1=NC(=C(Cl)[N]1C)[N+]([O-])=O, Molecular C4H4ClN3O2Journal, Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t, Research Support, U.S. Gov’t, Non-P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov’t, P.H.S., International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics called Radiosensitizing and cytotoxic properties of ortho-substituted 4- and 5-nitroimidazoles: role of NPSH reactivity, Author is Astor, Myles; Hall, Eric J.; Martin, John; Flynn, Marilyn; Biaglow, John; Parham, James C., the main research direction is nitroimidazole derivative radiosensitization cytotoxicity.Application In Synthesis of 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole.

Chinese hamster (V79) cells were used to investigate the radiosensitizing efficiency and chem. reactivity with nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPSH) compounds such as GSH, for a series of ortho-substituted 4- and 5-nitroimidazoles. When added to cells 5 min prior to irradiation, MJL-1-191-VII (1-methyl-5-sulfonamide-4-nitroimidazole) (I) sensitizes hypoxic cells commensurate with its electron affinity, while not affecting the radiosensitivity of aerated cells. Both aerated and hypoxic cells show an increase in radiosensitivity after I incubation with the cells for a period of time at 37° prior to irradiation Under these conditions the radiosensitizing effectiveness towards hypoxic cells appears to be particularly anomalous, inasmuch as enhancement ratios similar to misonidazole can be obtained at concentrations of 50-100-fold lower. The isomer SK 21981 (1-methyl-4-sulfonamide-5-nitroimidazole) (II) does not behave in this anomalous way, but sensitizes to an extent predictable from its electron affinity. These compounds differ in the rate at which they react spontaneously and intracellularly with NPSH compounds such as GSH. Apparently, I sensitizes by 2 mechanisms, the 1st a function of its electron affinity and the 2nd a function of its rapid reaction with endogenous radioprotective and chemotherapeutic compounds in the cell.

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The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: Pyridine-4-thiol(SMILESS: SC1=CC=NC=C1,cas:4556-23-4) is researched.COA of Formula: C11H19NO4S. The article 《Metal-free SERS substrate based on rGO-TiO2-Fe3O4 nanohybrid: contribution from interfacial charge transfer and magnetic controllability》 in relation to this compound, is published in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:4556-23-4).

The exploitation of new types of non-metal surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with high performances and the exploration of enhancement mechanisms are of vital importance for the development of the SERS technol. due to its potential prospects in both the spectroscopy and material fields. Here, a magnetic SERS-active substrate hybridized by reduced graphene oxide (rGO), TiO2 and Fe3O4 (rGO-TiO2-Fe3O4) was successfully prepared via the combination of a simple sol-hydrothermal method and a co-precipitation method. The as-synthesized rGO-TiO2-Fe3O4 nanohybrid not only exhibited outstanding SERS detection ability with high sensitivity and spectral reproducibility, but also could be recycled with high stability based on its self-cleaning capacity and magnetism. Exploiting these features, it could be used for the SERS detection of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA), 4-mercaptopyridine (4-MPy), 6-mercaptopurine monohydrate (6-MP), 1,2-di(4-pyridyl) ethylene (BPE) and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) with the detection limits of 1.0 × 10-10, 1.0 × 10-8, 1.0 × 10-10, 1.0 × 10-10 and 1.0 × 10-9 mol L-1, resp.; these are the highest SERS sensitivity values among those reported for semiconductor substrates and are even lower than that of noble metal substrates. Meanwhile, an SERS enhancement mechanism from the synergistic effects of the rGO, TiO2 and Fe3O4 components was proposed to explain the observed considerable SERS enhancement on rGO-TiO2-Fe3O4.

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The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: Pyridine-4-thiol, is researched, Molecular C5H5NS, CAS is 4556-23-4, about Raman signal enhancement tunable by gold-covered porous silicon films with different morphology, the main research direction is gold porous silicon film morphol; gold; plasmonics; porous silicon; sensorics; surface-enhanced Raman scattering.Related Products of 4556-23-4.

The ease of fabrication, large surface area, tunable pore size and morphol. as well surface modification capabilities of a porous silicon (PSi) layer make it widely used for sensoric applications. The pore size of a PSi layer can be an important parameter when used as a matrix for creating surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) surfaces. Here, we evaluated the SERS activity of PSi with pores ranging in size from meso to macro, the surface of which was coated with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). We found that different pore diameters in the PSi layers provide different morphol. of the gold coating, from an almost monolayer to 50 nm distance between nanoparticles. Methylene blue (MB) and 4-mercaptopyridine (4-MPy) were used to describe the SERS activity of obtained Au/PSi surfaces. The best Raman signal enhancement was shown when the internal diameter of torus-shaped Au NPs is around 35 nm. To understand the role of plasmonic resonances in the observed SERS spectrum, we performed electromagnetic simulations of Raman scattering intensity as a function of the internal diameter The results of these simulations are consistent with the obtained exptl. data.

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Electric Literature of C4H4ClN3O2. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 5-Chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole, is researched, Molecular C4H4ClN3O2, CAS is 4897-25-0, about Mutational analysis of human glutathione transferase A2-2 identifies structural elements supporting high activity with the prodrug azathioprine. Author is Moden, Olof; Zhang, Wei; Mannervik, Bengt.

Glutathione transferase (GST) A2-2 is the human enzyme displaying the highest catalytic activity with the prodrug azathioprine (Aza). The reaction releases pharmacol. active 6-mercaptopurine by displacing the imidazole moiety from the Aza mol. The GST-catalyzed reaction is of medical significance, since high rates of Aza activation may lead to adverse side effects in treated patients. The present study involves structure-activity relationships in GST A2-2 variants. Chimeric GSTs were previously generated by DNA shuffling and two peptide segments, one N-terminal and one C-terminal, were identified as primary determinants of Aza activity. The segments contain several residues of the substrate-binding H-site and their significance for supporting high Aza activity was investigated. Substitution of the corresponding two small regions in the low-activity human GST A3-3 or rat GST A3-3 by the human GST A2-2 segments generated chimeras with ∼10-fold enhanced Aza activity. The H-site residues Met208 and Leu213 in the C-terminal segment of GST A2-2 were mutated to produce a library with all possible residue combinations. At a calculated 93% library coverage, all of the 1880 mutants examined showed wild-type or decreased Aza activity, even though some retained activities with alternative substrates, further emphasizing the importance of this region for the targeted activity.

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